نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2
Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
3
Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده
Emitter clogging remains a critical challenge in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) utilizing treated wastewater. This study evaluated the hydraulic performance and wetting patterns of planar geocomposite-sheet emitters (GSEs) of three sizes (4 × 4, 8 × 8, and 12 × 12 cm) compared to a conventional geotextile-wrapped pressure-compensating dripper (control). Wetting patterns were evaluated under well-water irrigation, followed by a 70-day monitoring of emitter discharge under well-water and sand-filtered treated municipal wastewater using a factorial design with three replications. Results showed that emitter type significantly influenced wetting dimensions (P<0.01), while total wetted soil volume remained statistically unchanged. Under well-water evaluation, the 12 × 12 cm GSE exhibited the optimal wetting pattern, minimizing soil surface wetting while maximizing vertical and horizontal moisture distribution within the simulated root zone. Emitter discharge stability was significantly affected by the interaction of emitter type, water quality, and operating time (P<0.01). Under well-water irrigation, discharge reductions were limited to 4.28, 2.03, 1.26, and 6.52 % for the 4 × 4, 8 × 8, 12 × 12 cm GSEs, and the control, respectively. Under wastewater irrigation, discharge reductions reached 40.04% for the 4 × 4 cm GSE and 31.64% for the control, whereas the 8 × 8 and 12 × 12 cm GSEs maintained high stability, with reductions restricted to 3.82 and 3.00%, respectively. Synthesizing both parameters, selecting an SDI emitter requires balancing clogging resistance and moisture distribution. Under the evaluated conditions, the 12 × 12 cm GSE is recommended as the most suitable configuration due to its superior combination of long-term discharge stability and optimal baseline root-zone wetting characteristics.
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