Estimating water productivity of center-pivot irrigation systems using the WaPOR (Case study: Moghan plain)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 PhD student, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Ph.D. Student., Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

4 PhD student in Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

5 Professor, Department of Water Engineering and and Member of Water Management Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده

Water productivity is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions with limited water resources. This study evaluates Net Biomass Water Productivity (NBWP) and Gross Biomass Water Productivity (GBWP) in three agricultural fields (P, Q, and R) cultivating silage maize under center pivot irrigation from 2020 to 2024. Ground measurements of irrigation depth, crop yield, and evapotranspiration, combined with temperature and precipitation data, were analyzed to understand temporal variations and the impact of environmental and management factors. Results showed a consistent increase in NBWP across all fields, with Field Q achieving the highest gain (39%), likely due to advanced irrigation techniques and better adaptation to climatic conditions. GBWP, however, fluctuated more significantly, with declines in 2021 coinciding with severe drought and elevated temperatures, highlighting maize sensitivity to water and heat stress. Field R was most affected during this period, reflecting the importance of targeted drought mitigation. Comparison between field data and WaPOR satellite-based estimates revealed systematic underestimation by the portal, attributed to its coarse spatial resolution and inability to capture localized agronomic practices, such as crop rotation and irrigation scheduling. The study also identified uniform irrigation rates applied throughout the crop cycle, ignoring the dynamic water demands during different growth stages. This led to over-irrigation during maturity and under-irrigation during critical reproductive phases, exacerbating water stress under high temperatures. The findings emphasize the necessity of integrating precise field measurements with remote sensing data for accurate water productivity assessment. Implementing stage-specific irrigation management can optimize water use efficiency and maintain crop biomass production under varying climatic conditions. This research provides valuable insights for improving irrigation strategies and water resource management, contributing to agricultural resilience in water-scarce semi-arid environments facing climate variability.

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مدل سازی و مدیریت آب و خاک
دوره 5، شماره 4
آبان 1404
صفحه 174-190

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 مهر 1404

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